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Abstract Indonesia Investment Authority (INA) has proven itself in its first four years, but to deliver long-term value it must […]

Abstract Indonesia now operates two sovereign wealth entities — INA under Jokowi and Danantara under Prabowo — yet their overlapping

Abstract Indonesia is a US$1.4 trillion economy but sits on US$3–4 trillion in dormant assets—wealth that remains idle instead of

Abstract Abu Dhabi transformed oil surpluses into generational wealth through a deliberate sovereign wealth architecture: ADIA as a global allocator,

Abstract Indonesia risks mistaking repetition for progress—an 80-year-old nation recycling policies, budgets, and leadership formulas that no longer serve the

Abstract Modern states run on a broken model: balance budgets, raise taxes, and plug deficits with debt—reactive tactics that extract

Abstract Indonesia’s fiscal system is trapped in budget absorption logic—treating year-end spending as success, even when it creates no returns,

Abstract Indonesia faces its own cycle: recognition (2025), balance sheet repair (2025–26), and eventual recovery (2026–27), with SOEs and debt-heavy

Abstract The prohibition of usury (riba) in Islamic economics, rooted in justice and fairness, raises new questions in today’s fiat-dominated

Abstract Indonesia’s long-held 5% GDP growth narrative hides a fatal flaw: debt costs more than the economy produces, turning growth